Amoxicillin loaded silver nanoparticles for antibacterial activity against some pathogenic bacteria associated with skin cancer
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with skin cancer infections poses a significant therapeutic challenge. This study synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and amoxicillin-loaded silver nanoparticles (ALNPs) using a cost-effective chemical reduction method. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed nanoparticle formation and stability, with ALNPs showing complete encapsulation of amoxicillin. Antibacterial activity was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the disc diffusion method with triplicate experiments (n=3). Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) results indicated that ALNPs were effective at lower concentrations than free amoxicillin. S. aureus was inhibited by ALNPs at 0.6 mg/mL compared to 5 mg/mL for free amoxicillin, while P. aeruginosa responded to ALNPs at 5 mg/mL and was resistant to free amoxicillin. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, p<0.05) confirmed significant improvement in antibacterial efficacy for ALNPs. These results suggest that nanoparticle-mediated delivery of amoxicillin enhances its antibacterial potency and may provide a promising strategy to overcome partial resistance in skin cancer-associated infections.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Journal of Medical and Oral Biosciences uses a Creative Commons Attribution (CC Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0) and its license of (CC BY-SA 4.0). This license allows the authors to hold ownership of the copyright of their articles.
Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0). 
Under the CC BY-SA 4.0 the authors are free to:
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
References
1. Woo YR, Cho SH, Lee JD, Kim HS. The Human Microbiota and Skin Cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 5;23(3):1813.
2. Aondona IP. Biosynthesis of Eco-Friendly Silver Nano-Particles using Dry Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) Leave Extract as Reducing Agent. Research & Development in Material Science. 2018 Mar 28;5(1).
3. Huang YS, Zhou H. Breakthrough Advances in Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors: New Synthesized Compounds and Mechanisms of Action Against Drug-Resistant Bacteria. Pharmaceuticals. 2025 Feb 3;18(2):206.
4. Holder CF, Schaak RE. Tutorial on Powder X-ray Diffraction for Characterizing Nanoscale Materials. ACS Nano. 2019 Jul 23;13(7):7359–65.
5. Chimankar OP, Padole NN, Pawar NR, Dhoble SJ. Acoustic Wave Propagation in CaCO 3 Nanofluids. Journal of Nanofluids. 2015 Jun 1;4(2):151–6.
6. Fayaz AM, Balaji K, Girilal M, Yadav R, Kalaichelvan PT, Venketesan R. Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their synergistic effect with antibiotics: a study against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Nanomedicine. 2010 Feb;6(1):103–9.
7. Grice EA, Segre JA. The skin microbiome. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2011 Apr 16;9(4):244–53.
8. Huh AJ, Kwon YJ. “Nanoantibiotics”: A new paradigm for treating infectious diseases using nanomaterials in the antibiotics resistant era. Journal of Controlled Release. 2011 Dec;156(2):128–45.
9. Iravani S, Korbekandi H, Mirmohammadi S V, Zolfaghari B. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles: chemical, physical and biological methods. Res Pharm Sci. 2014;9(6):385–406.
10. Jain J, Arora S, Rajwade JM, Omray P, Khandelwal S, Paknikar KM. Silver Nanoparticles in Therapeutics: Development of an Antimicrobial Gel Formulation for Topical Use. Mol Pharm. 2009 Oct 5;6(5):1388–401.
11. Wang L, Hu C, Shao L. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles: present situation and prospects for the future. Int J Nanomedicine. 2017;12:1227–49.
12. Rashid MU, Bhuiyan MdKH, Quayum ME. Synthesis of Silver Nano Particles (Ag-NPs) and their uses for Quantitative Analysis of Vitamin C Tablets. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2013 Sep 2;12(1):29–33.
13. Murphy M, Ting K, Zhang X, Soo C, Zheng Z. Current Development of Silver Nanoparticle Preparation, Investigation, and Application in the Field of Medicine. J Nanomater. 2015 Jan 19;2015(1).
14. Sawatzky P, Liu G, Dillon JAR, Allen V, Lefebvre B, Hoang L, et al. Quality Assurance for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Canada, 2003 to 2012. J Clin Microbiol. 2015 Nov;53(11):3646–9.
15. Alotaibi AM, Alsaleh NB, Aljasham AT, Tawfik EA, Almutairi MM, Assiri MA, et al. Silver Nanoparticle-Based Combinations with Antimicrobial Agents against Antimicrobial-Resistant Clinical Isolates. Antibiotics. 2022 Sep 8;11(9):1219.
16. Abdullah, Jamil T, Atif M, Khalid S, Metwally K, Yahya G, et al. Recent Advances in the Development of Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticle and Antibiotic Conjugates (MNP–Antibiotics) to Address Antibiotic Resistance: Review and Perspective. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 16;25(16):8915.